Heart attack

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A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is severely reduced or blocked. The blockage is usually due to a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances in the heart (coronary) arteries. The fatty, cholesterol-containing deposits are called plaques. The process of plaque buildup is called atherosclerosis.
A plaque can rupture and form a clot that blocks blood flow. A lack of blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.

A heart attack is also called a myocardial infarction.

Causes:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of heart attack. A less common cause is a severe spasm, or sudden contraction, of a coronary artery that can stop blood flow to the heart muscle.
A heart attack occurs when an artery that sends blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked. Fatty, cholesterol-containing deposits build up over time, forming plaques in the heart's arteries. If a plaque ruptures, a blood clot can form. The clot can block arteries, causing a heart attack.


Warning signs of a heart attack


Women are more likely than men to have heart attacks.

  • The most common symptom of a heart attack is chest discomfort or chest pain.

  • First or uneven heartbeat.

  • Shortness of breath.

  • Nausea or vomiting.

  • Dizziness.

  • Discomfort in the neck, shoulder, or upper back.

  • Cool sweat.

  • Indigestion.




Risk factors


  • Age. Men aged 45 and older and women aged 55 and older are more likely to have a heart attack than are younger men and women.

  • Tobacco use. ...

  • High blood pressure. ...

  • High cholesterol or triglycerides. ...

  • Obesity. ...

  • Diabetes. ...

  • Metabolic syndrome. ...

  • Family history of heart attacks




Accounting for thorough experience and practice, Dr. Aritra Konar is a Consultant Interventional Cardiologist at Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata. He has been deemed one of the best cardiologists in Kolkata for his expertise lies in Coronary (femoral & radial routes) angiography, Coronary angioplasty (including primary angioplasty), Peripheral angiography and angioplasty, Permanent pacemaker, ICD, CRT implantation, BMV, BPV, Right heart catheterization and so on, in procedural skills. His guidance is trusted and so are his skills.

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