DOCTOR POSTS

  Targeted Therapy is a type of cancer treatment that utilizes drugs or other substances to accurately identify and attack particular types of malignant cells. This therapy can be used by itself or in combination with other treatments such as traditional or standard chemotherapy, surgery or radiation therapy. Doctors keep a track of your skin changes and reduce doses accordingly. Most targeted therapies are either small molecules or monoclonal antibodies. Small-molecule compounds are typically developed for targets that are located inside the cell because these agents have relatively easy entry to cells. Monoclonal antibodies are comparatively bigger in size and are incapable of entering the cells, so they are often used only for targets outside the cells or on the cell surface.  Targeted therapy works by first identifying a target in a candidate and then developing a therapy for that target in a way that it affects the target’s ability to promote cancer cell growth or surviva...

  The central nervous system can develop cancer, or CNS cancer. It comprises meningioma, medulloblastoma, brain stem glioma, and craniopharyngiomas. Healthy cells in the brain or spinal cord alter and grow uncontrollably to create a mass, which is the beginning of a CNS tumour. Both types of CNS tumours, whether benign or malignant, have the potential to be deadly. Malignant means that a cancerous tumour has the potential to grow rapidly and spread to other bodily regions. When a tumour is benign, it usually grows more slowly and does not metastasize to other areas of the body. A CNS tumour is particularly worrisome since it may impair a person's ability to think and move. The tissues around the tumour are frequently crucial to the body's ability to operate. SYMPTOMS Headaches (typically worst in the morning) (usually worse in the morning) Nausea and diarrhoea Speech, vision, or hearing changes difficulties walking or balancing Mood, demeanour, or capacity to focus changes diff...

  A solid piece of material that forms in the kidney from substances in the urine is called a kidney stone . It could be as big as a pearl or as small as a grain of sand. The majority of kidney stones dissolve without the intervention of a physician. But there are times when a stone won't go away. It could become lodged in the urinary tract, obstruct the flow of urine, and result in severe pain. The following may be signs of kidney stones that need a doctor's help: ● Extreme pain in your back or side that will not go away ● Blood in your urine ● Fever and chills ● Vomiting ● Urine that smells bad or looks cloudy ● A burning feeling when you urinate Your doctor will diagnose a kidney stone with urine, blood, and imaging tests If you have a stone that won't pass on its own, you may need treatment. It can be done with shock waves; with a scope inserted through the tube that carries urine out of the body, called the urethra; or with surgery. Diagnosis Blood testing: It's p...

  How is blood cancer diagnosed? A physical examination to check your overall health is often the first step in making a diagnosis. Your doctor will look at your body and lymph nodes, look for signs of infection, and review your medical history. The diagnosis of blood cancer can be made with a variety of tests and procedures. The type of blood cancer that is suspected will dictate what you need. In order to make a diagnosis, your care team may suggest testing and evaluate all of the results with you. Biopsies A biopsy is a procedure that takes cell samples for a pathologist to look at in a lab. A lymph node biopsy, which involves taking a sample of lymph tissue or the entire lymph node, may be required for certain types of blood cancer, such as lymphoma. Certain types of blood cancer can be identified by testing your bone marrow, the place where blood cells are made. A bone marrow aspiration is a method by which a small amount of blood, bone, and bone are taken from either a breast...

  An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is a small battery-powered device placed in the chest to detect and stop irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). An ICD continuously monitors the heartbeat and delivers electric shocks, when needed, to restore a regular heart rhythm. Types of ICDs: An ICD is a type of cardiac therapy device. There are two basic types: A traditional ICD is implanted in the chest, and the wires (leads) attach to the heart. The implant procedure requires invasive surgery. A subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD) is another option that's implanted under the skin at the side of the chest below the armpit. It's attached to an electrode that runs along the breastbone. An S-ICD is larger than a traditional ICD but doesn't attach to the heart. It is a treatment for heart failure in people whose lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) are not contracting in a coordinated manner. It is commonly used in people with heart failure or a condition called left bundle bra...

  A rare type of cancer or growth of abnormal cells in the thyroid gland is known as thyroid cancer. An endocrine gland with a butterfly form called the thyroid is located at the front of the neck, directly below Adam's apple. Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) hormone production is this gland's main function. A rare type of cancer is thyroid cancer. The majority of the time, women seem to be more susceptible to this sickness than males, and it affects persons in the older age groups more frequently. Most frequently, thyroid cancer results in a bump in the gland called a thyroid nodule. About 10% of these nodules are malignant, although the majority are non-malignant (or non-cancerous). RISK FACTORS Exposure to radiation Papillary thyroid carcinoma is more likely to develop in those who were exposed to radiation as children. Inherited circumstances. Papillary thyroid cancer risk may be higher in people with a family history of numerous colon growths as a result of heredit...

  Renal Cell Carcinoma is the medical name for kidney cancer . The Latin word renalis means kidneys. There are many different kinds of kidney cancer, such as clear cell, papillary, sarcomatoid, transitional cell, and others. While some patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease when their cancer is first discovered, others are diagnosed with the disease before the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Systemic treatment, which is a treatment that is injected into the bloodstream or swallowed, may be recommended prior to surgery, although this is uncommon. Surgery may be the first course of treatment. Additional treatment may be recommended to prevent the cancer from returning or to treat metastatic disease if surgery is performed first. You have input into the selection of the treatment, the location of treatment, the frequency of checkups, and many other aspects of managing your disease. You can make better decisions and feel more in control of your illness the more yo...

  The majority of blood cancers, also known as hematologic cancers, begin in the bone marrow, where blood is made. When abnormal blood cells begin to grow out of control, they cause blood cancer by interfering with the normal blood cells' ability to fight infection and make new blood cells. Types of blood cancer The three main types of blood and bone marrow cancer are leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma : Leukemia is a cancer of the blood that grows in the bone marrow and blood. It occurs when the body produces an excessive number of abnormal white blood cells and prevents the bone marrow from producing platelets and red blood cells. A blood cancer known as non-Hodgkin lymphoma originates in the lymphatic system from lymphocytes—a type of white blood cell that aids the body in fighting infections. Hodgkin lymphoma is a blood cancer that begins as lymphocytes in the lymphatic system. The Reed-Sternberg cell, an abnormal lymphocyte, is characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma. A blood cancer...