Kidney Stone- Part 3

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 Prevention

Prevention of kidney stones may include a combination of lifestyle changes and medications.

Lifestyle changes

You may reduce your risk of kidney stones if you:

Drink water throughout the day: Doctors typically advise people who have a history of kidney stones to drink enough fluids to pass approximately 2.1 quarts (2 litres) of urine each day. In order to ensure that you are drinking enough water, your doctor may ask you to take a urine sample.

If you exercise frequently or live in a hot, dry climate, you may need to drink even more water to make enough urine. If your urine is light and clear, you probably have enough water in your body.

Eat fewer oxalate-rich foods: Your doctor may advise you to avoid foods high in oxalates if you have a tendency to form calcium oxalate stones. Beets, rhubarb, okra, spinach, Swiss chard, sweet potatoes, nuts, tea, chocolate, black pepper, and products made from soy are among these.

Choose a diet low in animal protein and salt: Choose non animal protein sources like legumes and lower your salt intake. Think about using a salt-free alternative like Mrs. Dash.

Maintain your calcium-rich diet, but exercise caution when taking calcium supplements. Your likelihood of developing kidney stones is unaffected by the calcium in your diet. Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, continue to eat foods high in calcium.

Calcium supplements have been linked to an increased risk of kidney stones, so consult your doctor before taking them. Supplements taken with food may reduce risk. Some people may develop more kidney stones if they eat a diet low in calcium.

Request a referral to a dietitian who can assist you in creating an eating plan that lowers your risk of kidney stones from your doctor.

Medications

People who develop certain kinds of stones may benefit from taking medications that can reduce the amount of minerals and salts present in the urine. The kind of kidney stones you have will determine the medication your doctor gives you. Here are some examples:

  • Calcium stones: Your doctor may prescribe a phosphate-containing medication or a thiazide diuretic to help prevent the formation of calcium stones.

  • Uric Acid stones: To lower your blood and urine levels of uric acid, your doctor may give you allopurinol (Zyloprim, Aloprim) and a medication to keep your urine alkaline. Uric acid stones may be broken up with allopurinol and an alkalizing agent in some cases.

  • Struvite stones: Your doctor may suggest ways to keep infection-causing bacteria out of your urine, such as drinking fluids to maintain a good flow of urine and frequent urination, to avoid struvite stones. In rare instances, taking antibiotics in small, frequent, or long-term doses may aid in achieving this objective. To treat kidney stones, for instance, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics prior to and following surgery.

  • Cystine stones: Your doctor may advise you to drink more fluids to make more urine in addition to recommending a diet low in protein and salt. Your doctor may also prescribe a medication that makes cystine more soluble in your urine if that doesn't help.


Dr. Amit Ghosh is one of the best urologist and robotics uro-surgeon in Kolkata. After his return from the UK, he has been associated with various institutions including Wockhardt Hospital and Kidney Institute, Woodlands Hospital, Kothari Medical Center and Anandalok Hospital. Currently he is dedicated to his service to Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals, Kolkata. Currently he has developed a very well established and robust Urological presence in the campus of Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals, Kolkata. The practice takes care of all fundamental general Urological procedures, a vast multi-disciplinary Uro Oncology specialty, and also a comprehensive diagnostic and uro health check-up facility.


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